Well, that's the big question -- is there a difference. Bilateral stimulation means first one side of the brain is stimulated and then the other, repeatedly. Like in eye movements, alternating left and right auditory tones, or alternating tactile stimuli (or tapping). In dual atention stimulation the idea is that something - maybe anything - competes with the cognitive processing so that attention is partly on the cognition/affect of whatever is being processed, and part of the divided attention is on something else - maybe its bilateral and maybe it isn't. In the latter case, fixed attention may do the same thing as bilateral stimulation. There have only been a couple of studies on point - but it is enough to raise questions about whether it really has to be bilateral stim. From a clinical point of view, what is interesting to me is the fact that emdr is an associative process, and it powerfully penetrates amnesia barriers by associated dissociated material. Attention is divided at the time of dissociation, I mean at the time of the original trauma. It is curious to me if attention is also necessarily divided at the time of healing or processing of trauma so that it ends up integrated. There is also something about this divided attention that enables affect to be titrated and tolerable, for many or most clients. For others, additional affect titration methods are needed, using imagery about turning down a rheostat or other methods.
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