dear all i must say in my extensive experience with add kids the issue of excessive shame seems counterfactual.certainly many of these children are hyperactive postpartum and recent work cited to me by lewis bloomingdale shows intrauterine hyperactivity which seems a bit early for shameful reactions. in any case the overridingly important treatment for addh is a stimulant eg ritalin which is often used as an anti-fatigue agent in normals without any apparent anti-shame activity. that we possess discrete affective regulators that serve evolutionary adaptive functions seems positively likely. however we need a carefully reasoned and factually supported process to attribute some state eg addh to an underlying affective state.what's the evidence linking addh to shame beyond mere assertion?