Heterosexual male fetishistic cross-dressing as a *forme fruste* of homosexuality? And therefore a preparedness to respond to certain social (family) constellations with a feminine gender identity? Elements of this inherited? I understand that a predisposition for something may be quite useless in evolutionary terms, but will not be eliminated from the gene pool unless it is actually harmful ... Is this so? Is this what you mean by a spandrel? Your account of the shaman-healer's role reminds me of that of the male psychiatric nurse in our contemporary culture. Brian.