I found it interesting that you would view the primary transference rlationship processed with your cllient as that between he and Mr. Basgalia. The PRIMARY transference, as I see it, is always between therapist and client. Your presence, and your dialouge, both within and outside the EMDR protocol, prooved 'someone' was interested in what your client had to say and interested in his 'quality' of existence; you were there to encourage his process and this alone disrupted his belief that no one cared. Your continued encouragement allowed your client to re-consider his inner beliefs, and the EMDR process hastened 'filling in the grey.' Just thought I'd comment. Thank you for a well written case study.