There are several problems with generalizing from the results of this study to any conclusions about EMDR. In the first place, this was not a clinical sample but a student sample. In the second place, the authors did not use either the full standard EMDR protocol or a phobia protocol. They used merely a few sets of eye movements very briefly. Thirdly, the protocol for treating phobias is taught in the Level II EMDR training and the therapists conducting the treatment in this study were trained only to the Level I level -- clearly insufficient for treating a public speaking anxiety becasue the protocol is different. Fourthly, the researchers introduced an instruction to relax and a measurement between sets of eye movements -- a significant variation that could be expected to alter the course. In sum, this was not EMDR.
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